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当我们在使用ES(Elasticsearch)作为全文检索服务器时, 文档结构避免不了会发生变化, 比如增加字段, 而且增加的字段需要进行分词时, 再比如原来文档结构中的字段类型发生变化了, 假设原来的字段类型是String, 而修改后的字段类型是Object, ES是不支持这种直接修改字段类型的。我们能做的只有进行索引重建, 当然关系型数据库也不支持这种类型字段改变的情况。
这里我们假定一些条件:

  • 端口为19200/19300
  • 带有HTTP Basic Auth认证
  • 原始的索引名称为goods

为原来的索引设置别名(如果不存在)

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curl -u user:passwd -XPOST 'http://127.0.0.1:19200/_aliases?pretty' -d '
{
    "actions": [
        {
            "add": {
                "alias": "goods_alias",
                "index": "goods"
            }
        }
    ]
}'

创建新的索引goods_v1

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curl -u user:passwd -XPOST 'http://127.0.0.1:19200/goods_v1?pretty' -d '
    {
        "settings": {
            "number_of_replicas": 0,
            "number_of_shards": 8
        },
        "mappings": {
            "clothing": {
                "_source": {
                    "enabled": true
                },
                "_all": {
                    "term_vector": "no"
                },
                "properties": {
                    "desc" : {
                        "type" : "string"
                    },
                    "sale_time" : {
                        "type" : "date",
                        "format" : "strict_date_optional_time||epoch_millis"
                    },
                    "unit_price": {
                        "type": "double"
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }'

用Golang脚本将旧的索引数据导入到新的索引中

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package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"gopkg.in/olivere/elastic.v3"
)

func main() {
	client, err := elastic.NewClient(
		elastic.SetURL("http://127.0.0.1:19200"),
		elastic.SetBasicAuth("user", "passwd"),
		elastic.SetSniff(false))
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	exists, err := client.IndexExists("goods").Do()
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
	if !exists {
		fmt.Printf("%s does not exist yet\n", "goods")
	} else {
		// 索引迁移
		reindexResp, err := client.Reindex("goods", "goods_v1").
			TargetClient(client).
			Query(elastic.NewMatchAllQuery()).
			BulkSize(2000).
			Scroll("5m").
			Do()
		if err != nil {
			panic(err)
		}

		fmt.Printf("%+v\n", reindexResp)
	}
}

删除原来的索引别名, 并为新的索引设置跟之前索引一样的别名

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curl -u user:passwd -XPOST 'http://127.0.0.1:19200/_aliases?pretty' -d '
{
    "actions": [
        {
            "remove": {
                "alias": "goods_alias",
                "index": "goods"
            },
            "add": {
                "alias": "goods_alias",
                "index": "goods_v1"
            }
        }
    ]
}'

索引别名更正

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curl -u user:passwd -XPOST 'http://127.0.0.1:19200/_aliases?pretty' -d '
{
    "actions": [
        {
            "remove": {
                "alias": "goods_alias",
                "index": "goods_v1"
            },
            "add": {
                "alias": "goods",
                "index": "goods_v1"
            }
        }
    ]
}'

删除原来的索引

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curl -u user:passwd -XDELETE 'http://127.0.0.1:19200/goods?pretty'